There are many categories of Ethernet cables we can use like CAT-4, CAT-5, CAT-5E, CAT-6, CAT-6A, etc. In our tutorial, we are going to use CAT-6E cable which has 4 twisted pairs of 24AWG wires and can support up to 600MHz. It is terminated at both ends by an RJ45 connector. 2 Alphanumeric LCD, and MAX485 UART to RS485 converter IC connected to each end of an Ethernet Cat-6E cable via an RJ45 connector. On the other hand, RS485 is more industry-based communication which is developed for a network of multiple devices that can be used over long distances and at greater speeds too. At small transmission distances speeds up to 35Mbps can be realized with RS485 although the transmission speed will decrease with distance. This section describes the QED-Forth routines that control the RS485 transceiver, and presents some ideas that may prove useful in designing a multi-drop data exchange protocol. Consult the data sheets for any peripheral devices that you are interfacing to the SPI and, if a different configuration is needed, follow the instructions below to set up the appropriate SPI data transfer protocol.

But there are some limitations to it as it cannot support multiple slaves and multiple masters and the maximum data frame is limited to 9 bits. UART is an Asynchronous transmission device hence there is no clock signal to sync the data between the two devices instead it uses start and stop bits at the start and end of each data packet respectively to mark the extremities of the data being transferred. SenseCAP Data Logger and IoT Platform Compatible: Convert to a SenseCAP LoRaWAN® sensor with SenseCAP Data Logger and take advantage of quick and easy set-up in just 5 minutes with SenseCAP Mate APP. Powerful APP Support: SenseCAP Mate APP allows you to set the sensor templates and quickly turn the data logger into the sensor you want. EIA-485 (formerly RS-485 or RS485) is a specification for the physical layer of a network that uses the difference in voltages between two wires (Three wire) to conveys data. The aforementioned SenseCAP Sensor Hub at its stock has only 4 ports to connect RS485 sensors despite it being able to support up to 32 different RS485 sensors.

SenseCAP is a wireless sensing platform developed specifically for Industrial IoT, with applications in smart agriculture, smart cities, and other environmental sensing scenarios. There is no standard connector for the protocol. There are many different types of serial communication protocols like I2C and SPI which can be easily implemented with Arduino and today we are going to look at another most commonly used protocol called RS485 which is very commonly used in high noise industrial environments to transfer the data over a long distance. In practice, Cat 5 cables have been used successfully in many installations, but there are some concerns. We have been using Microcontroller Development Boards like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, NodeMCU, ESP8266, MSP430, etc. for a long time now in our small projects where most of the times distance between the sensors and board is not more than few centimeters at max and at these distances, the communication between the different sensor modules, relays, actuators, and controllers can be easily done over simple jumper wires without us being worried about the signal distortion in the medium and the Electrical noises creeping into it. Grove sensors to MODBUS RS485 industrial-grade sensors.

Most of the low-cost sensors and other modules like GPS, Bluetooth, RFID, ESP8266, etc. which are commonly used with Arduino, Raspberry Pi in the market uses UART TTL based communication because it only requires 2 wires TX(Transmitter) and RX (Receiver). The terminal’s serial receiver chip re-inverts the signal to its positive sense. It is not a standard Communication protocol, but it is a physical circuit with which you can transmit and receive serial data with other peripherals. It also has onboard LEDs to display the current state of the chip i.e. whether the chip is powered or its transmitting or receiving data making it easier to debug and use. The driver is limited for short-circuit current and the driver outputs can be placed at a high impedance state through the thermal shutdown circuit. This cable is usually 24AWG. Category-5 cable will generally work well in most instances even though its characteristic impedance is 100 Ohms.

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